| Signaling Description: These protocols are responsible for the establishment, preservation and tearing down of call sessions. They are also responsible for the negotiation of session parameters such as codecs, tones, bandwidth capabilities, etc. | Media Description: A protocol is designed to handle real-time traffic (like audio and video) of the Internet. These protocol are designed to carry streaming audio and video. VoIP protocols such as RTP rely upon session and signaling protocols including SIP, a signaling protocol and H.323 | Codec Description: A codec is a computer program that encodes and decodes audio. As an encoder, it prepares a data stream, such as a collection of voice packets, for transmission over a computer network. The same codec that encodes the audio is used on the receiving end to help organize the data stream into a mode that humans can understand, such as audio played through a set of headphones |
| SIP | RTP/SRTP/RTCP: Encoded packets of audio data are carried by the real-time transport protocol (RTP) | SILK is designed by Skype as an internet wideband audio codec for use in VoIP. |
| HTTPS/REST-API | video conferences are accomplished over the MNP24 protocol | Audio Codec: G.711, G.723, G.726, G.729, GSM, QCELP, MP3, and DTMF |
| H.323 | Video Codec: H.261, H.263, H.264, H.265 and MPEG-1/MPEG-2 |